Hydraulic Control Valves for Forklift

Forklift Hydraulic Control Valve - The control valve is actually a device which routes the fluid to the actuator. This tool would comprise cast iron or steel spool that is situated inside of housing. The spool slides to different places inside the housing. Intersecting channels and grooves route the fluid based on the spool's location.

The spool is centrally located, help in place with springs. In this particular position, the supply fluid could be blocked and returned to the tank. If the spool is slid to a direction, the hydraulic fluid is routed to an actuator and provides a return path from the actuator to tank. If the spool is transferred to the other side, the supply and return paths are switched. When the spool is enabled to return to the neutral or center position, the actuator fluid paths become blocked, locking it into position.

The directional control is usually made to be stackable. They normally have a valve per hydraulic cylinder and a fluid input which supplies all the valves in the stack.

Tolerances are maintained very tightly, to be able to deal with the higher pressures and to be able to avoid leaking. The spools would usually have a clearance inside the housing no less than 25 µm or a thousandth of an inch. So as to avoid jamming the valve's extremely sensitive parts and distorting the valve, the valve block will be mounted to the machine' frame with a 3-point pattern.

The position of the spool may be actuated by mechanical levers, hydraulic pilot pressure, or solenoids that push the spool left or right. A seal allows a portion of the spool to protrude outside the housing where it is accessible to the actuator.

The main valve block controls the stack of directional control valves by flow performance and capacity. Several of these valves are designed to be proportional, like a proportional flow rate to the valve position, whereas other valves are designed to be on-off. The control valve is amongst the most sensitive and expensive parts of a hydraulic circuit.

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